Pythonで仕事を自動化する方法｜初心者向け業務自動化入門

from pathlib import Path
import shutil

source = Path("./downloads")

for file in source.iterdir():
    if file.is_file():
        ext = file.suffix.lstrip(".")  # 例: "pdf", "xlsx"
        dest_dir = source / ext
        dest_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
        shutil.move(str(file), str(dest_dir / file.name))

print("ファイルの振り分けが完了しました")

from pathlib import Path
from datetime import datetime

target = Path("./reports")
today = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d")

for i, file in enumerate(sorted(target.glob("*.pdf")), start=1):
    new_name = f"{today}_report_{i:03d}{file.suffix}"
    file.rename(file.parent / new_name)

from pathlib import Path
import openpyxl

merged = openpyxl.Workbook()
sheet = merged.active
sheet.title = "統合データ"
header_written = False

for file in Path("./monthly_data").glob("*.xlsx"):
    wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file)
    ws = wb.active
    for i, row in enumerate(ws.iter_rows(values_only=True)):
        if i == 0 and header_written:
            continue  # ヘッダー行は最初の1回だけ
        sheet.append(row)
    header_written = True

merged.save("統合レポート.xlsx")
print(f"{len(list(Path('./monthly_data').glob('*.xlsx')))}件のファイルを統合しました")

import openpyxl

wb = openpyxl.load_workbook("sales.xlsx")
ws = wb.active

for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=2):  # ヘッダーを除外
    sales_value = row[2].value  # C列: 売上金額
    if sales_value and sales_value >= 1000000:
        row[3].value = "A"  # D列にランクを記入
    elif sales_value and sales_value >= 500000:
        row[3].value = "B"
    else:
        row[3].value = "C"

wb.save("sales_ranked.xlsx")

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

def send_email(to_address: str, subject: str, body: str):
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg["From"] = "your_address@example.com"
    msg["To"] = to_address
    msg["Subject"] = subject
    msg.attach(MIMEText(body, "plain", "utf-8"))

    with smtplib.SMTP("smtp.example.com", 587) as server:
        server.starttls()
        server.login("your_address@example.com", "your_password")
        server.send_message(msg)

# 宛先リストに基づいて送信
recipients = [
    {"email": "tanaka@example.com", "name": "田中"},
    {"email": "suzuki@example.com", "name": "鈴木"},
]

for r in recipients:
    send_email(
        r["email"],
        "月次レポートのご送付",
        f"{r['name']}様\n\nお疲れ様です。月次レポートをお送りいたします。"
    )
    print(f"{r['name']}さんへ送信完了")

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

with sync_playwright() as p:
    browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False)  # ブラウザを表示
    page = browser.new_page()

    # ログイン処理
    page.goto("https://example.com/login")
    page.fill("#username", "your_username")
    page.fill("#password", "your_password")
    page.click("button[type='submit']")

    # ページ遷移を待機してからデータを取得
    page.wait_for_selector(".dashboard")
    data = page.text_content(".sales-total")
    print(f"本日の売上合計: {data}")

    # スクリーンショットを保存
    page.screenshot(path="dashboard.png")
    browser.close()

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://example.com/form")

wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
input_field = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "report-date")))
input_field.send_keys("2026-03-18")

driver.find_element(By.ID, "submit-btn").click()
print("フォーム送信が完了しました")
driver.quit()

import logging

logging.basicConfig(filename="automation.log", level=logging.INFO)

try:
    # 自動化処理
    pass
except Exception as e:
    logging.error(f"エラーが発生しました: {e}")

# 1. フォルダ内の全 Excel を 1 つに結合
import pandas as pd
from pathlib import Path
dfs = [pd.read_excel(f) for f in Path("data/").glob("*.xlsx")]
combined = pd.concat(dfs)
combined.to_excel("combined.xlsx", index=False)

# 2. 毎日決まった時刻にレポートを Slack に送信
import requests
WEBHOOK = "https://hooks.slack.com/services/..."
requests.post(WEBHOOK, json={"text": f"本日の売上: {total}円"})

# 3. Web ページを定期スクレイピング
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
res = requests.get("https://example.com/news")
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser")
titles = [a.text for a in soup.select("h2.title")]

# 4. 大量メール送信
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
for to in recipients:
    msg = MIMEText("本文")
    msg["Subject"] = "件名"
    msg["From"] = "from@example.com"
    msg["To"] = to
    # smtplib で送信

# 5. PDF を結合
from PyPDF2 import PdfMerger
merger = PdfMerger()
for pdf in Path("pdfs/").glob("*.pdf"):
    merger.append(str(pdf))
merger.write("merged.pdf")

# 6. ブラウザ自動操作 (Selenium)
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://example.com/login")
driver.find_element("name", "user").send_keys("user@example.com")

# 7. 定期実行 (cron / Windows Task Scheduler)
# 上記スクリプトを cron 登録するだけで毎日自動実行

pip install openpyxl

from openpyxl import load_workbook

wb = load_workbook("sample.xlsx")
ws = wb.active
for row in ws.iter_rows(values_only=True):
    print(row)

for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=2):
    val = row[1].value or 0
    row[2].value = val * 1.1
wb.save("sample_out.xlsx")

python automate.py